1.
a. CH3 CH2-CH3
I I
CH2=CH--CH2--CH--CH3
b.
2,4-dimetil-1-hexena
c.
CH3 CH3
I I
CH2=CH--CH2--CH--CH2-CH3
d.
catena aciclica nesaturata, ramificata
e.
Fm = C8H16,
rap. atomic = C: H = 8: 16/:8 = 1: 2
M.C8H16 = 112 g/mol
=> %H = 16x100/112 = 14,29%
2.1.
a) CH3-CH-CH3 , 2-bromoprapan (bromura de izopropil)
Br
reactie de aditie regioselectiva conf. regulii lui Markovnikov
utilizata la identificarea alchenelor dintr-un amestec gazos de alcan-alchena
b) CH2=CH2 + H2O --H+--> CH3-CH2-OH, etanol
2.2.
3 moli md g
C2H4 + H2O --> C2H5OH
1 46
=> md = 3x46/1 = 138 g etanol
c% = mdx100/ms => ms = mdx100/c%
= 138x100/40 = 345 g sol. etanol
3.
a. gaze , omologi
b. alchenelor
c. M = 56 g/mol, alchena are Fm = CnH2n
=> 14n = 56 => n = 4 => butena
d. mare , gaze
4.
CH4 = metan
CH3-CH3 = etan
CH3-CH2-CH3 = propan
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 = butan
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 = pentan
5.
5.1-d
5.2-c
5.3-d
6.
CH2=CH2
alchene
gaz, incolor, inodor, densitate mai mica decat unitatea (a apei), insolubila in apa,
CH2=CH2 + H2O --H+--> CH3-CH2-OH, etanol
obtinerea atanlolului si ca intermediar in sinteze organice
